Русский педагог, писатель и один из основоположников научной педагогики в России. Родился в семье отставного офицера. Получил домашнее образование, затем учился в Новгород-Северской гимназии и юридическом факультете Московского университета. Преподавал в Ярославском Демидовском лицее, Гатчинском сиротском институте и Смольном институте благородных девиц. Автор учебников «Детский мир» и «Родное слово», а также фундаментального труда «Человек как предмет воспитания». Его педагогические идеи оказали значительное влияние на развитие образования в России. В 1862 году был отстранён от должности, после чего пять лет путешествовал по Европе, изучая школьное дело. Скончался в Одессе.
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